arabic |

تاگالوگ فیلیپینی التغلوغ عربی

معنی: زبان تاگالوگ یکی از مهمترین زبان‌های مردم فیلیپین و پایه زبان فیلیپینی زبان ملی این کشور است و از خانوادهٔ زبان‌های استرونزیایی است. زبان مادری حدود ۲۲ میلیون فیلیپینی است و حدود ۹۰ میلیون نفر نیز این زبان را می‌دانند. فیلیپینی به همراه انگلیسی زبان رسمی کشور فیلیپین و زبان اصلی رادیو و تلویزیون و مدارس این کشور است.
در نخستین قانون اساسی فیلیپین (مصوب سال ۱۸۹۷ میلادی/۱۲۷۶ شمسی) تاگالوگ به عنوان زبان رسمی کشور انتخاب شد. اما در ۱۹۳۵ زبان‌های اسپانیایی و انگلیسی جایگزین آن شدند. شورای ملی زبان فیلیپین دو سال بعد تاگالوگ را به عنوان زبان پایه برای تشکیل و تکامل زبان ملی انتخاب کرد که از سال ۱۹۳۹ به زبان فیلیپینی معروف شد.
آکادمی ملی زبان مرجع رسمی نوسازی زبان تاگالوگ (فیلیپینی) برای تعیین دستور زبان و واژه‌گزینی است. در کنار آن شورای دانش نیز کار یافتن برابر برای واژگان علمی را انجام می‌دهد.
تاگالوگ در خانواده زبان‌های مالایی پولینزی قرار می‌گیرد و در چند سده اخیر واژه‌های بسیاری نیز از اسپانیایی به آن وارد شده‌اند.
منابع

مشارکت‌کنندگان ویکی‌پدیا، «Tagalog language»، ویکی‌پدیای انگلیسی، دانشنامهٔ آزاد (بازیابی در ۳۱ می ۲۰۱۱).
رده‌ها: زبان‌های استرونزیایی زبان‌های فیلیپین زبان‌ها

قس عربی

التغلوغ هی من لغات الأوسترونیسیان ویتکلمها فی الفلبین نحو 22 ملیون شخص. وهى متصلة بلغات أخرى مثل الإندونیسیة ولغة الملایو، الفیجیة، الماوریة (نیوزیلندا)، وهاوای، ومدغشقر (مدغشقر)، وساموا، وتاهیتی، التشامورو (غوام وجزر ماریانا الشمالیة)، والتیتم (تیمور الشرقیة)، وPaiwan (تایوان). والتجالوج هو أساس اللغة الفلبینیة (اللغة الوطنیة والرسمیة للفلبین).
تاریخ

کلمة تجالوج مشتقة من tagailog، تاجا(taga) من بین معنى "الموطن" (ílog) بمعنى "النهر". وبالتالی، فإن ذلک یعنی "ســاکنى النهر". ولا یعرف الکثیر عن تاریخ هذه اللغة. أول سجل مکتوب بالتجالوج کان فی سنة 900 أول کتاب یکتب بالتجالوج هو Doctrina Cristiana (العقیدة المسیحیة) 1593
فی عام 1937 ،وقع الاختیار علىالتجالوج لتکون اللغة الوطنیة من قبل معهد اللغة الوطنیة. فی عام 1939، وسمیت اللغة الوطنیة "Wikang Pambansâ"(بواسطــة مانویل ل. کیسون). وبعد عشرین عاما، فی عام 1959، أعیدت تسمیتها "بلبینو- Pilipino" من قبل وزیر التربیة والتعلیم (وخوسیه رومیرو). هذا تغییر لم یکن مقبولا على مستوى السکان غیر Tagalogs، وخصوصاCebuanos.
فی عام 1971 ،احیت هذه القضیة مرة أخرى، ,وسمیت " فلبینو " بدلا من "بلبینو". عندما وضع دستور جدید فی عام 1987، تقرر أن تکون" فلبینو " هی اللغة الوطنیة.
هذه بذرة مقالة عن لغة تحتاج للنمو والتحسین، فساهم فی إثرائها بالمشارکة فی تحریرها.
تصنیفان: لغات الفلبین

قس ترکی آذری

Taqal dili — Filippin əhalisinin üçdə birinin ana dili (danışanların sayına görə ölkədə 2-ci dil). Avstroneziya dillərindəndir. Standart forması,Filippin dili adlanır və milli dilidir və Filippinlərin iki rəsmi dillərindən biridir.
İstinadlar

↑ Philippine Census, 2000. Table 11. Household Population by Ethnicity, Sex and Region: 2000
↑ Ethnologue: Languages of the World(ing.)
Dil ilə əlaqədar bu məqalə qaralama halındadır. Məqaləni redaktə edərək Vikipediyanı zənginləşdirin.

Bu məqalənin azərbaycan dili əlifbasının ərəb qrafikası ilə qarşılığı vardır. Bax: تاقالوق دیلی
Kateqoriyalar: Dil qaralamalarıTaqal diliFilippin dilləri

قس ترکی استانبولی

Tagalogca (kendi dilinde: Tagalog), Filipinlerin resmî dili olan Filipincenin temelini oluşturan ve Tagalogların anadili olan dildir. Filipinlerde en çok konuşulan Filipin dilidir.
Konu başlıkları
Tarih

Tagalog, tagá-ílog kelimesinden gelmiştir. tagá=yerlisi ílog=nehir anlamında kullanılır. tagá-ílog ise yörenin müslümanları tarafından nehirde yaşayanlar anlamında kullanılırdı. 16. yüzyılda İspanyolların bölgeye gelmesinden önceki döneme ait Tagalogca yazılı bir belge yoktur. İspanyolların yöre müslümanlarını dejenere etme çalışmaları yüzünden Tagalogca tarihi hakkında çok az şey bilinir.
Tagalogca ilk kitap Doctrina Cristiana(Christian Doctrine 1593) isimli kitaptır. İspanyolca ve Tagalogcanın iki versiyonunda yazılmıştır. Bir tanesi Baybayin diğeri ise Latin alfabesidir.
Sayılar

1 – isang (sang)
2 – dalawang
3 – tatlong
4 – apatg
5 – limang
6 – animg
7 – pitong
8 – walong
9 – siamg
10 – sampung
Ayrıca bakınız

Filipince
Kaynak

Wikipedia Tagalog Language
^ Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm ansiklopedisi, 19. cilt (1988), Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı, İslâm Ansiklopedisi Genel Müdürlüğü, sf. 83
Dış bağlantılar

İngilizce-Tagalogca Günlük Konuşmalar

Vikikaynakta
Tagalogca
kaynaklar bulunmaktadır.
‎
Dil ile ilgili bu madde bir taslaktır. İçeriğini geliştirerek Vikipediye katkıda bulunabilirsiniz.
Kategoriler: Dil taslaklarıTagalogca

قس انگلیسی

Tagalog (/təˈɡɑːlɒɡ/; Tagalog pronunciation: ) is an Austronesian language spoken as a first language by a third of the population of the Philippines and as a second language by most of the rest. It is the first language of the Philippine region IV (CALABARZON and MIMAROPA) and of Metro Manila. Its standardized form, commonly called Filipino, is the national language and one of two official languages of the Philippines. It is related to other Philippine languages such as Ilokano, Bisayan, Kapampangan.
Contents
History

The Tagalog Baybayin script.
The word Tagalog derived from tagailog, from tagá- meaning "native of" and ílog meaning "river". Thus, it means "river dweller". Very little is known about the history of the language. However, according to linguists such as Dr. David Zorc and Dr. Robert Blust, the Tagalogs originated, along with their Central Philippine cousins, from Northeastern Mindanao or Eastern Visayas.
The first written record of Tagalog is in the Laguna Copperplate Inscription, written in 900, using fragments of the language along with Sanskrit, Malay, and Javanese. Meanwhile, the first known book to be written in Tagalog is the Doctrina Cristiana (Christian Doctrine) of 1593. It was written in Spanish and two transcriptions of Tagalog; one in the Baybayin script and the other in Latin script. Throughout the 333 years of Spanish occupation, there were grammar and dictionaries written by Spanish clergymen such as Vocabulario de la Lengua Tagala by Pedro de San Buenaventura (Pila, Laguna, 1613), Vocabulario de la lengua tagala (1835) and Arte de la lengua tagala y manual tagalog para la administración de los Santos Sacramentos (1850). Poet Francisco Baltazar (1788–1862) is regarded as the foremost Tagalog writer. His most notable work is the early 19th-century Florante at Laura.
Historical changes
Tagalog differs from its Central Philippine counterparts with its treatment of the Proto-Philippine schwa vowel *ə. In Bikol & Visayan, this sound merged with /u/ and . In Tagalog, it has merged with /i/. For example, Proto-Philippine *dəkət (adhere, stick) is Tagalog dikít and Visayan & Bikol dukot.
Proto-Philippine *r, *j, and *z merged with /d/ but is /l/ between vowels. Proto-Philippine *ŋɡajan (name) and *hajək (kiss) became Tagalog ngalan and halík.
Proto-Philippine *R merged with /ɡ/. *tubiR (water) and *zuRuʔ (blood) became Tagalog tubig and dugô.
Official status
Main article: Filipino language
Tagalog was declared the official language by the first constitution in the Philippines, the Constitution of Biak-na-Bato in 1897.
In 1935, the Philippine constitution designated English and Spanish as official languages, but mandated the development and adoption of a common national language based on one of the existing native languages. After study and deliberation, the National Language Institute, a committee composed of seven members who represented various regions in the Philippines, chose Tagalog as the basis for the evolution and adoption of the national language of the Philippines. President Manuel L. Quezon then, on December 30, 1937, proclaimed the selection of the Tagalog language to be used as the basis for the evolution and adoption of the national language of the Philippines. In 1939 President Quezon renamed the proposed Tagalog-based national language as wikang pambansâ (national language). In 1959, the language was further renamed as "Pilipino".
The 1973 constitution designated the Tagalog-based "Pilipino", along with English, as an official language and mandated the development and formal adoption of a common national language to be known as Filipino. The 1987 constitution designated Filipino as the national language, mandating that as it evolves, it shall be further developed and enriched on the basis of existing Philippine and other languages. However, in practice, Filipino is simply Tagalog.
Article XIV, Section 7 of the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines specifies, in part:
Subject to provisions of law and as the Congress may deem appropriate, the Government shall take steps to initiate and sustain the use of Filipino as a medium of official communication and as language of instruction in the educational system.
—
The regional languages are the auxiliary official languages in the regions and shall serve as auxiliary media of instruction therein.
—
In 2009, the Department of Education promulgated an order institutionalizing a system of mother-tongue based multilingual education ("MLE"), wherein instruction is conducted primarily in a students mother tongue until at least grade three, with additional languages such as Filipino and English being introduced as separate subjects no earlier than grade two. In secondary school, Filipino and English become the primary languages of instruction, with the learners first language taking on an auxiliary role.
Tagalog and Filipino
In 1937, Tagalog was selected as the basis of the national language of the Philippines by the National Language Institute. In 1939, Manuel L. Quezon named the national language "Wikang Pambansâ" ("National Language"). Twenty years later, in 1959, it was renamed by then Secretary of Education, José Romero, as Pilipino to give it a national rather than ethnic label and connotation. The changing of the name did not, however, result in acceptance among non-Tagalogs, especially Cebuanos who had not accepted the selection.
In 1971, the language issue was revived once more, and a compromise solution was worked out—a "universalist" approach to the national language, to be called Filipino rather than Pilipino. When a new constitution was drawn up in 1987, it named Filipino as the national language. The constitution specified that as the Filipino language evolves, it shall be further developed and enriched on the basis of existing Philippine and other languages. However, more than two decades after the institution of the "universalist" approach, there seems to be little if any difference between Tagalog and Filipino.
Classification

Tagalog is a Central Philippine language within the Austronesian language family. Being Malayo-Polynesian, it is related to other Austronesian languages such as Malagasy, Javanese, Indonesian, Malay, Tetum (of Timor), and Tao language (of Taiwan). It is closely related to the languages spoken in the Bicol and Visayas regions such as Bikol and the Visayan group including Hiligaynon and Cebuano.
Languages that have made significant contributions to Tagalog vocabulary are especially Sanskrit, English and Spanish.
Dialects
At present, no comprehensive dialectology has been done in the Tagalog-speaking regions, though there have been descriptions in the form of dictionaries and grammars on various Tagalog dialects. Ethnologue lists Lubang, Manila, Marinduque, Bataan, Batangas, Bulacan, Tanay-Paete, and Tayabas as dialects of Tagalog. However, there appear to be four main dialects of which the aforementioned are a part; Northern (exemplified by the Bulacan dialect), Central (including Manila), Southern (exemplified by Batangas), and Marinduque.
Some example of dialectal differences are:
Many Tagalog dialects, particularly those in the south, preserve the glottal stop found after consonants and before vowels. This has been lost in standard Tagalog. For example standard Tagalog ngayon (now, today), sinigang (broth stew), gabi (night), matamis (sweet), are pronounced and written ngay-on, sinig-ang, gab-i, and matam-is in other dialects.
In Teresian-Morong Tagalog, is usually preferred over . For example, bundók, dagat, dingdíng, and isdâ become bunrók, ragat, ringríng, and isrâ, as well as their expression seen in some signages like "sandok sa dingdíng" was changed to "sanrok sa ringríng".
In many southern dialects, the progressive aspect infix of -um- verbs is na-. For example, standard Tagalog kumakain (eating) is nákáin in Quezon and Batangas Tagalog. This is the butt of some jokes by other Tagalog speakers since a phrase such as nakain ka ba ng pating is interpreted as "did a shark eat you?" by those from Manila, but means "do you eat shark?" in the south.
Some dialects have interjections which are considered a trademark of their region. For example, the interjection ala e! usually identifies someone from Batangas as does hane?! in Rizal and Quezon provinces.
Perhaps the most divergent Tagalog dialects are those spoken in Marinduque. Linguist Rosa Soberano identifies two dialects, western and eastern, with the former being closer to the Tagalog dialects spoken in the provinces of Batangas and Quezon.
One example is the verb conjugation paradigms. While some of the affixes are different, Marinduque also preserves the imperative affixes, also found in Visayan and Bikol languages, that have mostly disappeared from most Tagalog dialects by the early 20th century; they have since merged with the infinitive.
Manileño Tagalog Marinduqueño Tagalog English
Susulat sina Maria at Esperanza kay Juan. Másúlat da Maria at Esperanza kay Juan. "Maria and Esperanza will write to Juan."
Mag-aaral siya sa Maynila. Gaaral siya sa Maynila. "He will study in Manila."
Magluto ka na! Pagluto! "Cook already!"
Kainin mo iyan. Kaina yaan. "Eat that."
Tinatawag tayo ni Tatay. Inatawag nganì kitá ni Tatay. "Father is calling us."
Tinulungan ba kayó ni Hilario? Atulungan ga kamo ni Hilario? "Did Hilario help you?"
Northern dialects and the central dialects are the basis for the national language.
Geographic distribution
The Tagalog homeland, or Katagalugan, covers roughly much of the central to southern parts of the island of Luzon—particularly in Aurora, Bataan, Batangas, Bulacan, Camarines Norte, Cavite, Laguna, Metro Manila, Nueva Ecija, Quezon, Rizal, and large parts of Zambales. Tagalog is also spoken natively by inhabitants living on the islands, Marinduque, Mindoro, and large areas of Palawan. It is spoken by approximately 64.3 million Filipinos, 96.4% of the household population. 21.5 million, or 28.15% of the total Philippine population, speak it as a native language.
Tagalog speakers are found in other parts of the Philippines as well as throughout the world, though its use is usually limited to communication between Filipino ethnic groups. In 2010, the US Census bureau reported (based on data collected in 2007) that in the United States it was the fourth most-spoken language at home with almost 1.5 million speakers, behind Spanish or Spanish Creole, French (including Patois, Cajun, Creole), and Chinese. Tagalog ranked as the third most spoken language in metropolitan statistical areas, behind Spanish and Chinese but ahead of French.
Accents
The Tagalog language also boasts accentations unique to some parts of Tagalog-speaking regions. For example, in some parts of Manila: a strong pronunciation of i exists and vowel-switching of o and u exists so words like "gising" (to wake) is pronounced as "giseng" with a strong e and the word "tagu-taguan" (hide-and-go-seek) is pronounced as "tago-tagoan" with a mild o.
Batangas Tagalog boasts the most distinctive accent in Tagalog compared to the more Hispanized northern accents of the language. The Batangas accent has been featured in film and television and Filipino actor Leo Martinez speaks this accent.
Code-switching
Taglish and Englog are portmanteaus given to a mix of English and Tagalog. The amount of English vs. Tagalog varies from the occasional use of English loan words to outright code-switching where the language changes in mid-sentence. Such code-switching is prevalent throughout the Philippines and in various of the languages of the Philippines other than Tagalog.
Code Mixing also entails the use of foreign words that are Filipinized by reforming them using Filipino rules, such as verb conjugations. Users typically use Filipino or English words, whichever comes to mind first or whichever is easier to use.
Magshoshopping kami sa mall. Sino ba ang magdadrive sa shopping center?
"We will go shopping at the mall. Who will drive to the shopping center?"
Although it is generally looked down upon, code-switching is prevalent in all levels of society; however, city-dwellers, the highly educated, and people born around and after World War II are more likely to do it. Politicians as highly placed as President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo have code-switched in interviews.
The practice is common in television, radio, and print media as well. Advertisements from companies like Wells Fargo, Wal-Mart, Albertsons, McDonalds, and Western Union have contained Taglish.
Phonology

Main article: Tagalog phonology
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters.
Tagalog has 33 phonemes: 19 of them are consonants and 14 are vowels. Syllable structure is relatively simple, being maximally consonant-ar-vowel-consonant, where consonant-ar only occurs in borrowed words such as trak "truck" or sombréro "hat".
Vowels
Tagalog has ten simple vowels, five long and five short, and four diphthongs. Before appearing in the area north of Pasig river, Tagalog had three vowel qualities: /a/, /i/, and /u/. This was later expanded to five with the introduction of words from Northern Philippine languages like Kapampangan and Ilocano and Spanish words.
They are:
/a/ an open central unrounded vowel similar to English "stack"; in the middle of a word, a near-open central vowel similar to RP English "cup"
/ɛ/ an open-mid front unrounded vowel similar to English "bed"
/i/ a close front unrounded vowel similar to English "machine"
/o/ a close-mid back rounded vowel similar to English "forty"
/u/ a close back unrounded vowel similar to English "flute"
Nevertheless pairs o and u and e and i are likely to be interchanged by the people without a high command of the language.
The four diphthongs are /aj/, /uj/, /aw/, and /iw/. Long vowels are not written apart from pedagogical texts, where an acute accent is used: á é í ó ú.
Consonants
Below is a chart of Tagalog consonants. All the stops are unaspirated. The velar nasal occurs in all positions including at the beginning of a word.
Table of consonant phonemes of Tagalog
Labial Dental/
Alveolar Postalveolar/
Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Stop p b t d tʃ dʒ k ɡ ʔ
Fricative s ʃ h
Tap ɾ
Approximant l j w
/k/ between vowels has a tendency to become as in Spanish "José", whereas in the initial position it has a tendency to become , especially in the Manila dialect.
Intervocalic /ɡ/ and /k/ tend to become , as in Spanish "agua", especially in the Manila dialect.
/ɾ/ and /d/ were once allophones, and they still vary grammatically, with initial /d/ becoming intervocalic /ɾ/ in many words.
A glottal stop that occurs in pausa (before a pause) is omitted when it is in the middle of a phrase, especially in the Metro Manila area. The vowel it follows is then lengthened. However, it is preserved in many other dialects.
/ɾ/ can be pronounced .
/tʃ dʒ ʃ/ are written ts, dy, sy. Glottal stop is not written.
Grammar

Further information: Tagalog grammar
Writing system

This article contains Baybayin script. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Baybayin characters.
Baybayin
Main article: Baybayin
Tagalog was written in an abugida, or alphasyllabary, called Baybayin prior to the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines, in the 16th century. This particular writing system was composed of symbols representing three vowels and 14 consonants. Belonging to the Brahmic family of scripts, it shares similarities with the Old Kawi script of Java and is believed to be descended from the script used by the Bugis in Sulawesi.
Although it enjoyed a relatively high level of literacy, Baybayin gradually fell into disuse in favor of the Latin alphabet taught by the Spaniards during their rule.
There has been confusion of how to use Baybayin, which is actually an abugida, or an alphasyllabary, rather than an alphabet. Not every letter in the Latin alphabet is represented with one of those in the Baybayin alphasyllabary. Rather than letters being put together to make sounds as in Western languages, Baybayin uses symbols to represent syllables.
A "kudlit" resembling an apostrophe is used above or below a symbol to change the vowel sound after its consonant. If the kudlit is used above, the vowel is an "E" or "I" sound. If the kudlit is used below, the vowel is an "O" or "U" sound. A special kudlit was later added by Spanish missionaries in which a cross placed below the symbol to get rid of the vowel sound all together, leaving a consonant. Previously, the final vowel was just left out, leaving the reader to use context to determine the final vowels.
Example:

Baybayin is encoded in Unicode version 3.2 in the range 1700-171F under the name "Tagalog".

a

e/i

o/u

ka

ga

nga

ta

da/ra

na

pa

ba

ma

ya

la

wa

sa

ha
vowels
᜔
a ᜀ
i
e ᜁ
u
o ᜂ
b
b ᜊ᜔
ba ᜊ
bi
be ᜊᜒ
bu
bo ᜊᜓ
k
k ᜃ᜔
ka ᜃ
ki
ke ᜃᜒ
ku
ko ᜃᜓᜓ
d/r
d/r ᜇ᜔
da/ra ᜇ
di/ri
de/re ᜇᜒ
du/ru
do/ro ᜇᜓ
g
g ᜄ᜔
ga ᜄ
gi
ge ᜄᜒ
gu
go ᜄᜓ
h
h ᜑ᜔
ha ᜑ
hi
he ᜑᜒ
hu
ho ᜑᜓ
l
l ᜎ᜔
la ᜎ
li
le ᜎᜒ
lu
lo ᜎᜓ
m
m ᜋ᜔
ma ᜋ
mi
me ᜋᜒ
mu
mo ᜋᜓ
n
n ᜈ᜔
na ᜈ
ni
ne ᜈᜒ
nu
no ᜈᜓ
ng
ng ᜅ᜔
nga ᜅ
ngi
nge ᜅᜒ
ngu
ngo ᜅᜓ
p
p ᜉ᜔
pa ᜉ
pi
pe ᜉᜒ
pu
po ᜉᜓ
s
s ᜐ᜔
sa ᜐ
si
se ᜐᜒ
su
so ᜐᜓ
t
t ᜆ᜔
ta ᜆ
ti
te ᜆᜒ
tu
to ᜆᜓ
w
w ᜏ᜔
wa ᜏ
wi
we ᜏᜒ
wu
wo ᜏᜓ
y
y ᜌ᜔
ya ᜌ
yi
ye ᜌᜒ
yu
yo ᜌᜓ
Latin alphabet
Abecedario
Until the first half of the 20th century, Tagalog was widely written in a variety of ways based on Spanish orthography consisting of 32 letters called ABECEDARIO:
Majuscule Minuscule Majuscule Minuscule
A a Ng ng
B b Ñ ñ
C c N͠g / Ñg n͠g / ñg
Ch ch O o
D d P p
E e Q q
F f R r
G g Rr rr
H h S s
I i T t
J j U u
K k V v
L l W w
Ll ll X x
M m Y y
N n Z z
Abakada
Main article: Abakada
When the national language was based on Tagalog, grammarian Lope K. Santos introduced a new alphabet consisting of 20 letters called ABAKADA in school grammar books called balarilà:
Majuscule Minuscule Majuscule Minuscule
A a N n
B b Ng ng
K k O o
D d P p
E e R r
G g S s
H h T t
I i U u
L l W w
M m Y y
Revised alphabet
Main article: Filipino alphabet
In 1987 the department of Education, Culture and Sports issued a memo stating that the Philippine alphabet had changed from the Pilipino-Tagalog Abakada version to a new 28-letter alphabet to make room for loans, especially family names from Spanish and English:
Majuscule Minuscule Majuscule Minuscule
A a Ñ ñ
B b Ng ng
C c O o
D d P p
E e Q q
F f R r
G g S s
H h T t
I i U u
J j V v
K k W w
L l X x
M m Y y
N n Z z
ng and mga
See also: ng (digraph)
The genitive marker ng and the plural marker mga are abbreviations that are pronounced nang and mangá . Ng, in most cases, roughly translates to "of" (ex. Siya ay kapatid ng nanay ko. She is the sibling of my mother) while nang usually means "when" or can describe how something is done or to what extent (equivalent to the suffix -ly in English adverbs), among other uses. Mga (pronounced as "muh-NGA") denotes plurality as adding an s, es, or ies does in English (ex. Iyan ang mga damit ko. (Those are my clothes)).
Nang si Hudas ay madulas.—When Judas slipped.
Gumising siya nang maaga.—He woke up early.
Gumalíng nang todo si Juan dahil nag-ensayo siya.—Juan greatly improved because he practiced.
In the first example, nang is used in lieu of the word noong (when; Noong si Hudas ay madulas). In the second, nang describes that the person woke up (gumising) early (maaga); gumising nang maaga. In the third, nang described up to what extent that Juan improved (gumaling), which is "greatly" (nang todo). In the latter two examples, the ligature na and its variants -ng and -g may also be used (Gumising na maaga/Maagang gumising; Gumaling na todo/Todong gumaling).
The longer nang may also have other uses, such as a ligature that joins a repeated word:
Naghintay sila nang naghintay.—They kept on waiting.
po/ho and opo/oho
The words po/ho and opo/oho are traditionally used as polite iterations of the affirmative "oo" ("yes"). It is generally used when addressing elders or superiors such as bosses or teachers.
"Po" and "opo" are specifically used to denote a high level of respect when addressing older persons of close affinity like parents, relatives, teachers and family friends. "Ho" and "oho" are generally used to politely address older neighbors, strangers, public officials, bosses and nannies, and may suggest a distance in societal relationship. However, "po" and "opo" can be used in any case in order to express an elevation of respect.
Example: "Pakitapon naman po/ho yung basura". ("Please throw away the trash.")
Used in the affirmative:
Ex: "Gutom ka na ba?" "Opo/Oho". ("Are you hungry yet?" "Yes").
Po/Ho may also be used in negation.
Ex: "Hindi ko po/ho alam yan."("I dont know that.")
Vocabulary and borrowed words

Tagalog vocabulary is composed mostly of words of native Austronesian origin. However it has significant Spanish loanwords. Spanish is the language that has bequeathed the most loan words to Tagalog. According to linguists, Spanish (5,000) has even surpassed Malay (3,500) in terms of loan words borrowed. About 40% of everyday (informal) Tagalog conversation is practically made up of Spanish loanwords.
Tagalog also includes loanwords from Indian (Sanskrit), Chinese (Hokkien), Japanese, Arabic, Mexican (Nahuatl) and English. Tagalog has also been significantly influenced by other Austronesian languages of the Philippines as well as Indonesia and Malaysia. In pre-hispanic times, Trade Malay was widely known and spoken throughout Southeast Asia.
Due to trade with Mexico via the Manila galleon from the 16th to the 19th centuries, many words from Nahuatl, a language spoken by Native Americans in Mexico, were introduced to Tagalog.
English has borrowed some words from Tagalog, such as abaca, barong, balisong, boondocks, jeepney, Manila hemp, pancit, ylang-ylang, and yaya, although the vast majority of these borrowed words are only used in the Philippines as part of the vocabularies of Philippine English.needed
Other examples of Tagalog words used in English
Example Definition
boondocks meaning "rural" or "back country," was imported by American soldiers stationed in the Philippines following the Spanish American War as a mispronounced version of the Tagalog bundok, which means "mountain."
cogon a type of grass, used for thatching. This word came from the Tagalog word kugon (a species of tall grass).
ylang-ylang a type of flower known for its fragrance.
Abaca a type of hemp fiber made from a plant in the banana family, from abaká.
Manila hemp a light brown cardboard material used for folders and paper usually made from abaca hemp.
Capiz also known as window oyster, is used to make windows.
Tagalog has contributed several words to Philippine Spanish, like barangay (from balan͠gay, meaning barrio), the abacá, cogon, palay, dalaga etc.
Tagalog words of foreign origin
Main article: List of Tagalog loanwords
Tagalog words of region origin
Tagalog meaning language of origin original spelling
bakit why Kapampangan obakit
akyat climb/step up Kapampangan ukyát/mukyat
at and Kapampangan at
bundok mountain Kapampangan bunduk
huwag dont Pangasinan ag
aso dog South Cordilleran or Ilocano (also Ilokano) aso
tayo we (inc.) South Cordilleran or Ilocano tayo
ito,nito it. South Cordilleran or Ilocano to
Austronesian comparison chart

Below is a chart of Tagalog and twenty other Austronesian languages comparing thirteen words; the first thirteen languages are spoken in the Philippines and the other nine are spoken in Indonesia, East Timor, New Zealand, Hawaii, Madagascar and Borneo.
English one two three four person house dog coconut day new we what fire
Tagalog isa dalawa tatlo apat tao bahay aso niyog araw bago tayo ano apoy
Bikol saro duwa tulo apat tawo harong ayam niyog aldaw ba-go kita ano kalayo
Cebuano usa duha tulo upat tawo balay iro lubi adlaw bag-o kita unsa kalayo
Waray usa duha tulo upat tawo balay ayam/ido lubi adlaw bag-o kita anu kalayo
Tausug hambuuk duwa tu upat tau bay iru niyug adlaw ba-gu kitaniyu unu kayu
Kinaray-a sara darwa tatlo apat taho balay ayam niyog adlaw bag-o kita, taten ano kalayo
Maranao isa dowa tlo phat taw walay aso neyog gawie bago tano tonaa apoy
Kapampangan metung adwa atlu apat tau bale asu ngungut aldo bayu ikatamu nanu api
Pangasinan sakey dua, duara talo, talora apat, apatira too abong aso niyog ageo balo sikatayo anto pool
Ilokano maysa dua tallo uppat tao balay aso niog aldaw baro datayo ania apoy
Ivatan asa dadowa tatdo apat tao vahay chito niyoy araw va-yo yaten ango apoy
Ibanag tadday dua tallu appa tolay balay kitu niuk aggaw bagu sittam anni afi
Yogad tata addu tallu appat tolay binalay atu iyyog agaw bagu sikitam gani afuy
Gaddang antet addwa tallo appat tolay balay atu ayog aw bawu ikkanetam sanenay afuy
Tboli sotu lewu tlu fat tau gunu ohu lefo kdaw lomi tekuy tedu ofih
Indonesian satu dua tiga empat orang rumah/balai anjing kelapa/nyiur hari baru kita apa/anu api
Buginese sedi dua tellu eppa tau bola asu kaluku esso baru idi aga api
Bataknese sada dua tolu opat halak jabu biang harambiri ari baru hita aha api
Tetum ida rua tolu haat ema uma asu nuu loron foun ita saida ahi
Maori tahi rua toru wha tangata whare kuri kokonati ra hou taua aha ahi
Hawaiian kahi lua kolu hā kanaka hale īlio niu ao hou kākou aha ahi
Banjarese asa duwa talu ampat urang rūmah hadupan kǎlapa hǎri hanyar kami apa api
Malagasy isa roa telo efatra olona trano alika voanio andro vaovao isika inona afo
Dusun iso duo tolu apat tulun walai tasu piasau tadau wagu tokou onu/nu tapui
Religious literature

Religious literature remains to be one of the most dynamic contributors to Tagalog literature. The first Bible in Tagalog, then called Ang Biblia ("the Bible") and now called Ang Dating Biblia ("the previous Bible"), was published in 1905. In 1970, the Philippine Bible Society translated the Bible into modern Tagalog. Even before the Second Vatican Council, devotional materials in Tagalog had been circulating. At present, there are four circulating Tagalog translations of the Bible—the Magandang Balita Biblia (a parallel translation of the Good News Bible), which is the ecumenical version; the Bibliya ng Sambayanang Pilipino; the 1905 Ang Biblia is a more Protestant version; and the Bagong Sanlibutang Salin ng Banal na Kasulatan, one of about ninety parallel translations of the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures published by Jehovahs Witnesses. The latter was released in 2000. Jehovahs Witnesses previously published a hybrid translation: Ang Biblia was used for the Old Testament, while the Bagong Sanlibutang Salin ng Griegong Kasulatan was used for the New Testament.
When the Second Vatican Council, (specifically the Sacrosanctum Concilium) permitted the universal prayers to be translated into vernacular languages, the Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines was one of the first to translate the Roman Missal into Tagalog. In fact, the Roman Missal in Tagalog was published as early as 1982, while not published in English until 1985.
Jehovahs Witnesses were printing Tagalog literature at least as early as 1941 and The Watchtower (the primary magazine of Jehovahs Witnesses) has been published in Tagalog since at least the 1950s. New releases are now regularly released simultaneously in a number of languages, including Tagalog. The official website of Jehovahs Witnesses also has some publications available online in Tagalog.
Tagalog is quite a stable language, and very few revisions have been made to Catholic Bible translations. Also, as Protestantism in the Philippines is relatively young, liturgical prayers tend to be more ecumenical.
Examples

Lords Prayer
The Lords Prayer is "Ama Namin" in Tagalog.
Ama namin, sumasalangit ka
Sambahin ang ngalan mo.
Mapasaamin ang kaharian mo.
Sundin ang loob mo,
Dito sa lupà, gaya nang sa langit.
Bigyan Mo kami ngayon ng aming kakanin sa araw-araw,
At patawarin Mo kami sa aming mga sala,
Para nang pagpapatawad namin,
Sa nagkakasala sa amin
At huwag mo kaming ipahintulot sa tukso,
At iadya mo kami sa lahat ng masama..
Sapagkat sa Inyo ang kaharián, at ang kapangyarihan,
At ang kaluwalhatian, ngayon, at magpakailanman.
Amen
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
This is the Universal Declaration of Rights (Pangkalahatang Pagpapahayag ng Karapatang Pantao)
“ Isinilang na malaya at pantay-pantay sa karangalan at mga karapatan ang lahat ng tao. Pinagkalooban sila ng katwiran at budhi at dapat magpalagayan ang isat isa sa diwa ng pagkakapatiran. ”
“ Every person is born free and equal with honor and rights. They are given reason and conscience and they must always trust each other for the spirit of brotherhood. ”
Numbers
The numbers (mga bilang) in Tagalog language are of two forms. The first one, was native to Tagalog language and the other is Tagalized version of Spanish numbers. For example, when a person refers to the number "seven", it can be translated to Tagalog language as "pito" or "syete" (Sp. siete).
Number Cardinal Spanish loanword
(Original Spanish) Ordinal
0 sero sero (cero) -
1 isa uno (uno) una
2 dalawa dos (dos) pangalawa / ikalawa (or ikadalawa in some informal compositions)
3 tatlo tres (tres) pangatlo / ikatlo
4 apat kwatro (cuatro) pang-apat / ikaapat ("ika" and the number-word are never hyphenated. For numbers, however, they always are.)
5 lima singko (cinco) panlima / ikalima
6 anim sais (seis) pang-anim / ikaanim
7 pito syete (siete) pampito / ikapito
8 walo otso (ocho) pangwalo / ikawalo
9 siyam nwebe (nueve) pansiyam / ikasiyam
10 sampu puo dyes (diez) pansampu / ikasampu (or ikapu in some literary compositions)
11 labing-isa onse (once) panlabing-isa / pang-onse / ikalabing-isa
12 labindalawa dose (doce) panlabindalawa / pandose / ikalabindalawa
13 labintatlo trese (trece) panlabintatlo / pantrese / ikalabintatlo
14 labing-apat katorse (catorce) panlabing-apat / pangkatorse / ikalabing-apat
15 labinlima kinse (quince) panlabinlima / pangkinse / ikalabinlima
16 labing-anim disisais (dieciséis) panlabing-anim / pandyes-sais / ikalabing-anim
17 labimpito disisyete (diecisiete) panlabimpito / pandyes-syete / ikalabimpito
18 labingwalo disiotso (dieciocho) panlabingwalo / pandyes-otso / ikalabingwalo
19 labinsiyam disinwebe (diecinueve) panlabinsiyam / pandyes-nwebe / ikalabinsiyam
20 dalawampu bente / beinte (veinte) pandalawampu / ikadalawampu (or ikalawampu in some literary compositions both formal and informal (rarely used))
30 tatlumpu trenta / treinta (treinta) pantatlumpu / ikatatlumpu (or ikatlumpu in some literary compositions both formal and informal (rarely used))
40 apatnapu kwarenta (cuarenta) pang-apatnapu / ikaapatnapu
41 apatnaput isa kwarentayuno (cuarenta y uno) pang-apatnaput isa / ikaapatnaput isa
50 limampu singkwenta (cincuenta) panlimampu / ikalimampu
60 animnapu sisenta (sesenta) pang-animnapu / ikaanimnapu
70 pitumpu sitenta (setenta) pampitumpu / ikapitumpu
80 walumpu otsenta / utsenta (ochenta) pangwalumpu / ikawalumpu
90 siyamnapu nobenta (noventa) pansiyamnapu / ikasiyamnapu
100 sandaan syento (ciento) pan(g)-(i)sandaan / ikasandaan (or ika-isandaan in some formal or informal literary compositions (rarely used))
200 dalawandaan dos syentos (doscientos) pandalawandaan / ikadalawandaan (or ikalawandaan in some formal or informal literary compositions (rarely used))
300 tatlondaan tres syentos (trescientos) pantatlong daan / ikatatlondaan (or ikatlondaan in some formal or informal literary compositions (rarely used))
400 apat na raan kwatro syentos (cuatrocientos) pang-apat na raan / ikaapat na raan
500 limandaan singko syentos (quinientos) panlimandaán / ikalimandaán
600 anim na raan sais syentos (siescientos) pang-anim na raan / ikaanim na raan
700 pitondaan syete syentos (sietecientos) pampitondaan / ikapitondaan (or ikapitong raan)
800 walondaan otso syentos (ochocientos) pangwalondaan / ikawalondaan (or ikawalong raan)
900 siyam na raan nwebe syentos (novecientos) pansiyam na raan / ikasiyam na raan
1,000 sanlibo mil (mil) panlibo / ikasanlibo
2,000 dalawanlibo dos mil (dos mil) pangalawang libo / ikalawanlibo
10,000 sanlaksa / sampung libo dyes mil (diez mil) pansampung libo / ikapung libo
20,000 dalawanlaksa / dalawampung libo bente mil (veinte mil) pangalawampung libo / ikalawampung libo
100,000 sangyuta / sandaang libo syento mil (ciento mil)
200,000 dalawangyuta / dalawandaang libo dos syento mil (dos ciento mil)
1,000,000 sang-angaw / sangmilyon milyon (un millón)
2,000,000 dalawang-angaw / dalawangmilyon dos milyon (dos millones)
10,000,000 sangkati / sampung milyon dyes milyon (diez millones)
100,000,000 sampungkati / sandaang milyon syento milyon (ciento millones)
1,000,000,000 sang-atos / sambilyon bilyon (un billón)
1,000,000,000,000 sang-ipaw / santrilyon trilyon (un trillón)
Months and days
Months and days in Tagalog language are also Tagalized form of Spanish months and days. "Month" in Tagalog is buwan (the word moon is also buwan in Tagalog) and "day" is araw (the word sun is also araw in Tagalog). Unlike Spanish, months and days in Tagalog are capitalized whenever they appear in a sentence.
Month Original Spanish Tagalog (abbreviation)
January Enero Enero (Ene.)
February Febrero Pebrero (Peb.)
March Marzo Marso (Mar.)
April Abril Abril (Abr.)
May Mayo Mayo (Mayo)
June Junio Hunyo (Hun.)
July Julio Hulyo (Hul.)
August Agosto Agosto (Ago.)
September Septiembre Setyembre (Set.)
October Octubre Oktubre (Okt.)
November Noviembre Nobyembre (Nob.)
December Diciembre Disyembre (Dis.)
Day Original Spanish Tagalog
Monday Lunes Lunes
Tuesday Martes Martes
Wednesday Miércoles Miyerkules / Myerkules
Thursday Jueves Huwebes / Hwebes
Friday Viernes Biyernes / Byernes
Saturday Sábado Sabado
Sunday Domingo Linggo
Common phrases

English Tagalog (with Pronunciation)
Filipino Pilipino
English Inglés
Tagalog Tagalog
What is your name? Anó ang pangalan ninyo/nila*? (plural or polite) aŋ pɐˈŋaːlan nɪnˈjo, Anó ang pangalan mo? (singular) aŋ pɐˈŋaːlan mo
How are you? kumustá
Good morning! Magandáng umaga! uˈmaːɡa
Good noontime! (from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m.) Magandáng tanghali! taŋˈhaːlɛ
Good afternoon! (from 1 p.m. to 6:00 p.m.) Magandáng hapon! ˈhaːpon
Good evening! Magandáng gabí! ɡɐˈbɛ
Good-bye paálam
Please Depending on the nature of the verb, either pakí- or makí- is attached as a prefix to a verb. ngâ is optionally added after the verb to increase politeness. (e.g. Pakipasa ngâ ang tinapay. ("Can you pass the bread, please?"))
Thank you salamat
This one ito , sometimes pronounced (literally—"it", "this")
That one iyan , When pointing to something at greater distances: iyun or iyon
Here dito , heto ("Here it is")
There doon , hayan ("There it is")
How much? Magkano?
Yes oo
opô or ohô (formal/polite form)
No hindî , often shortened to dî
hindî pô (formal/polite form)
I dont know hindî ko álam ko aːlam
Very informal: ewan , archaic aywan (closest English equivalent: colloquial dismissive Whatever)
Sorry pasensya pô (literally from the word "patience") or paumanhin po poʔ patawad po poʔ (literally—"asking your forgiveness")
Because kasí or dahil
Hurry! dalí! , bilís!
Again mulí , ulít
I dont understand Hindî ko naiintindihan ko nɐʔɪɪnˌtɪndiˈhan or
Hindi ko nauunawaan ko nɐʔʊʊnawaʔˌʔan
What? Anó?
Where? Saán? , Nasaán? (literally - "Where at?")
Why? Bakít?
When? Kailan? , , or (literally—"In what order?/"At what count?"")
How? Paánó? (literally—"By what?")
Wheres the bathroom? Nasaán ang banyo? ʔaŋ ˈbaːnjo
Generic toast Mabuhay!

... ادامه

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